How Smell Affects Taste

How Does Smell need Taste? Tcap able-bodied of Contents 1. Abstract. 1 2. Scripture Reference .. . 2 3. Research percentage.. .. 3-5 4. Hypothesis6 5. Materials List.. 7 6. Procedure8 7. Observation/Results/Conclusion9-13 8. Works Cited.. 14 9. Acknowledgements .. 15 Abstract The purpose of this project is to tryation if smell affects savour.In the hypothesis it is stated that when the stab is blocked the test of a jellybean testament be affected. It is also hypothesized that when a subject is given up a certain sapidity of jellybean to sagaciousness they will remember the discernment of the similar feeled jellybean with the smell impaired. A brief overview of the experiment is as follows. Eight subjects will be tested for their gumption of hold. They were given four dissimilar timbers of jellybeans to gustatory sensation twice, once with a perfume batten and once with forbidden. Group one was asked to taste the branch flavor of a jellybean with the nose plugged first.Then they were given the same flavor of jellybean to taste without the nose plug. The same occasion was used with the remaining three flavors. In contrast, multitude two was given the jellybean to taste without the nose plug first and with the nose plug second. The four flavors of the jellybeans were tasted in this order marshm all toldow, lemon, pear, licorice. The results for each(prenominal) free lance variable be as follows. The nose plug did affect the taste of the jellybean. But, group two did not remember the taste of the jellybean when the nose was unplugged. In both groups, taste was affected and flavors were not easily work outed. Scriptural ReferenceTaste Taste and obtain that the LORD is good blessed is the man who takes refuge in him. Psalm 348 (NIV) I chose this Bible verse because it is very important that as Christians we actively seek theology in all things. Even though we really do not taste God, we need to thirst for His Word and love. In return, w e will see that He is good, we receive His blessing, and find that He is our refuge. Smell The LORD smelled the pleasing odour and said in His heart Never again will I curse the ground because of man, heretofore though every inclination of his heart is evil from childhood. And never again will I abate all living creatures, as I get under ones skin done. Genesis 821 (NIV) God uses His senses give c atomic number 18 we do. He created us in His own image and made us to father senses. God finds loyalty to be pleasant just as we regard the smell of red roses is pleasant to our nose. Research The humanitykind body was created by God to have five different detected senses taste, smell, hearing, touch, and sight. Taste and smell argon the two senses that flock have to help us enjoy food. They are separate, but also related. oft can be learned about the correlation between taste and smell and how they affect each other. Taste is the sense that comes from food molecules touching t he taste buds on the tongue.The taste buds shoot signals to the brain which consequently translates the signals into a taste. Taste buds are nerve receptors on the tongue and roof of the mouth. Different separate of the tongue have specific receptors for different types of tastes. There are thousands of taste buds on the tongue, each with a surface enterprisingness called a taste pore. At the base, microvilli sensors pick up the molecule. The molecule gets changed by sensory cells of the taste bud into a nerve impulse. The signal gets sent to the brain through the glossopharyngeal nerve to the brainstem, then to the thalamus, and on to the forebrain. That signal is translated to specific taste (Swindle, Mark). On the tongue, different tastes are picked up on different actuates of the tongue. First, the sweet taste buds occur on the outside part of the tongue. A second kind is spicy taste buds that are located on the back outside portion of the tongue. Lastly, the bitter taste bu ds are located in the far back of the tongue. There are some taste buds on the palate that pick up different tastes (Smith, David). Smell, on the other hand, is the sense that comes from scent molecules attaching to the olfactory nerve. Air carries the olfactory perception into the nose. Then odor contacts the olfactory nerves at the top of the nasal passages.The the olfactory nerves send a signal to the olfactory bulb of the brain, and the nerve sends a signal to the front of the brain. The forebrain translates the signals of the odor into a specific smell (Swindle, Mark). Smell and taste are so interrelated that many scientists think that taste is about 80% of aroma and 20% actual taste (American Academy of Otolaryngology). It changes as people age, the sense of smell seems to be better in adults than in kids. Usually at age 60 or over, adults may start to lose their sense of smell. Scientists have proven that women have a better sense of smell than men.People who have head inj uries often lose their sense of smell and lose weighting because the taste of the food they eat has been impaired through the injury. Also, people with sinus problems or upper respiratory problems lose weight because of a decreased sense of smell and appetite (American Academy of Otolaryngology). In preliminary studies, Frank and Byrams article suggest that taste and smell interactions are dependent on taste and odor. In their experiments, they gave subjects strawberry whipped cream while pinching their nose and then strawberry cream not pinching their nose.The assenting of smell to taste made the strawberry whip cream seem 85% sweeter. The same experiment was used, but with peanut butter flavored whip cream. It was found that peanut butter odor did not enkindle sweetness. They then evaluated the same people with salted strawberry whip cream, and found that the odor did not accession the sweetness. This suggested that sweetness is both taste and odor dependent. The experiment wi th salted strawberry whip cream proves that the sense of smell is a dependent factor in a person experiencing the full sense of taste (Frank, Robert). HypothesisWhen the nose is plugged and the olfactory system is impaired, taste will be affected. Each of the eight subjects will be tested on four different flavors of jellybean, once with the nose plugged and once with the nose unplugged. The four flavors tested in order were marshmallow, lemon, pear, and licorice. People in group one will have a nose plug on during the first taste. They will be impaired to taste and deduct the flavor of the jelly bean. At the second attempt to taste without the nose plug, they will be able to taste easily and be able to guess the flavor of the jellybean. Group two, will start by not having the nose plugged.This group will be able to taste easily and easily guess the flavor of the jellybean. When the plug is then placed on the subjects nose, they will be able to taste because they already know the r eal taste from memory. Materials List -Log Book -Pencil -Jelly covered stadiums -2 Marshmallow, 2 rat, 2 Pear, 2 Licorice flavored jellybeans -Towel as blindfold -Baggies -Eight Test Subjects - honker Plug -Charts -Water Procedure To set up this experiment, eight human subjects were needed for evaluation. Each person was tested for their sense of taste and smell. The subjects were split into two evaluation groups.The first group was given a blindfold and a nose plug. They were given a jellybean to taste. They were asked the following questions What flavor do you think this is? Is it sweet, sour, or bitter? After the tester enter the data, the subjects were asked to remove the nose plug. They were given the same flavor of jellybean and asked the same questions. This same procedure was used for the remaining three flavors of jellybeans. The data was recorded and the results compared. The second group was given a blind fold, but asked to taste the jellybean without the nose plug fir st. They were asked the same questions as group one.Data was recorded. Then they were given the nose plug and asked to taste and evaluate the same flavor of jellybean. This same procedure was used for the remaining three flavors of jellybeans. Data again was recorded and results compared. The four different types of jelly beans given were in this order marshmallow, lemon, pear, and licorice. Observations Preston Plugged lever No Plug Actual Jelly- Bean Flavor Guessed Flavor sweetly/ dark-skinned/Bitter (Sw/S/B) Guessed Flavor Sw/S/B 1-Marshmallow Coconut unused/ savage Coconut/lime refreshful 2- stinker Blueberry Sour Lemon Sour -Pear Cherry concoction Cranberry Sweet/Sour 4-Lic Nothing Sweet Rubber Bitter Tyler Plugged pound No Plug 1-Marshmallow Cinnamon Sour Nothing Bitter 2-Lemon Orange Sour Orange Sour 3-Pear Apple Sour Apple Sweet 4-Lic Licorice Bitter Licorice Sweet Makenzie Plugged prod No Plug 1-Marshmallow Coconut Sweet Cotton Cand y Sweet 2-Lemon Lemon Sour Lemon Sour 3-Pear Apple Bitter Pear Sweet 4-Lic Nothing Sweet Licorice Bitter push up Plugged Nose No Plug 1-MM fluxing lime Sour Popcorn Sweet/bitter -Lemon Lime Sour Lemon Sour 3-Pear Pear Sour/Bitter Pear Sour/Bitter 4-Lic bubble Sour Licorice Bitter GROUP TWO Autumn No Plug Plugged Nose 1-Marshmallow Marshmallow Sweet Lemon Sweet 2-Lemon Lime Sour Grape Sour/Sweet 3-Pear Lemon Sweet Blueberry Bitter 4-Lic potassium Bitter Strawberry Sweet David No Plug Plugged Nose 1-Marshmallow Cotton Candy Sweet Cotton Candy Sweet/Sour 2-Lemon Lemon Sour Green Apple Bitter 3-Pear Strawberry Sweet Lemon Bitter/Sour 4-Lic Black Berry Sweet Strawberry Sweet Katy No Plug Plugged Nose 1-Marshmallow Pineapple Sweet Banana Sweet 2-Lemon Lemon Sour Lemon /Lime Sour 3-Pear Pear Sweet Apple Sweet 4-Lic fore beer Sweet Root beer Sweet Sam No Plug Plugged Nose 1-Marshmallow Mint Sweet Nothing Bitter 2- Lemon Lemon Sour Apple Sour 3-Pear Green apple Sour Lemon Sweet/Sour 4-Lic Lemon/Mint Bitter Cherry Sweet Results/Conclusion The results for each independent variable are as follows Number of right guesses of jellybean flavor without nose plug= 13 out of 32.Number of right guesses of jellybean flavor with nose plug= 3 out of 32. Number of right guesses of jellybean flavor with nose plug after already tasting jellybean without nose plug= 1 out of 16. The first part of the hypothesis stated that impairing the sense of smell with a nose plug would affect the taste of the jellybeans. around half of the flavors were guessed when given without smell balk compared to three flavors guessed when smell was impaired. This supports the hypothesis that when smell is impaired taste is affected. The nose plug did affect the taste of the jellybeans.The hypothesis also stated that the subjects would remember the actual taste of the jellybean by memory when first given a certain flavor with no s mell impairment and then given the same flavor with impairment of smell. Only 1 out of 16 guesses were accurate. Therefore, group two did not remember the taste of the same flavored jellybean when given the nose plug. In conclusion, the hypothesis was partially supported. Works Cited 1. American Academy of Otolaryngology. How do Taste and Smell work? http//www. etnet. orgHealthInformation/smellTaste. crm 2010. 2. Frank, Robert. Tastesmell Interactions argon Talent and Odorant Dependent Chem.Senses. Oxford Journals Life Sciences & Medicine Chemical Senses. Web. 7 Dec. 2010. . 3. Smith, David V. How Taste Works. World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. T. 2006. 4. Swindle, Mark. How Odors are Detected. World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. Smell. 2000. 5. Swindle, Mark. Structures Important In Smell. World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. Smell. 2000. Acknowledgements I would like to thank God for making the human body so interesting and wonderful. Also, I would like to thanks my teachers and parents fo r helping